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The Future of HIV Prevention in Africa: Progress, Innovation & Challenges
HIV prevention in Africa is marked by scientific progress, community efforts, and persistent challenges. While infection rates are declining in many countries, gender disparities and funding gaps remain major obstacles.
Current Progress & Gaps
- Declining Infections: Countries like South Africa, Kenya, and Uganda have reduced new infections by over 40% since 2010. PMTCT programs have lowered transmission to below 5% in several nations.
- Gender Inequality: Adolescent girls and young women still account for 62% of new infections in sub-Saharan Africa, underscoring the need for gender sensitive interventions.
New Prevention Tools
- Long-Acting Options: Zimbabwe has introduced injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA); Eswatini is rolling out the dapivirine vaginal ring offering discreet, woman controlled prevention.
- Vaccine Research: Early trials using mRNA and germline-targeting vaccines show promise, with potential to accelerate breakthroughs across diverse populations.
Community and Policy Action
- Education Plus Initiative: Led by countries like Tanzania and Zambia, this program empowers girls through education and health services.
- Cultural Strategies in Uganda: Local leadership is actively engaged in tailored HIV prevention under the national cultural action plan.
Financing Concerns
- US Aid Cuts: Funding reductions, especially from PEPFAR, have led to clinic closures and job losses in countries like South Africa.
- Debt Burdens: High national debts are limiting domestic HIV funding in several African countries.
Toward 2030
Ending HIV in Africa by 2030 will require:
- Sustained innovation in prevention
- Strengthened gender and youth-focused efforts
- Stable and diversified funding
- Strong partnerships across governments, communities, and global agencies
References
- https://afroha.com/2024/12/10/the-current-landscape-of-hiv-aids-in-africa/
- UNAIDS: Rising debt in sub-Saharan Africa costing lives https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/09/1154521
- https://apnews.com/article/south-africa-us-aid-cuts-hiv-ae60eceb910fdef15067b6d3cec46cd7
- https://www.afro.who.int/countries/zimbabwe/news/zimbabwe-scores-gains-hiv-control
- https://africa.ippf.org/media-center/eswatini-roll-out-first-women-controlled-hiv-prevention-product
- https://www.theglobalfund.org/en/updates/2024/2024-07-22-unaids-report-global-fund-applauds-progress-stresses-need-continued-vigilance/
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Contents by
Furahini Mbise
Communication Team Intern, THGO
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